Lecture 15: Primate Conservation & Primate Origins

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Finishing Up: Primate Conservation

What Threats Do Primates Face?

Bushmeat and Snare Injuries

The Snare Problem

Snare Injury Data: Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda

Individual Case Studies

Treating Human-Caused Injuries: Snare Removal

Bushmeat and Human Communities

Nutritional Importance in Madagascar

Conservation Solutions

Success Story: Mountain Gorillas

Research Leads to Conservation

Promoting Equitable Research Partnerships

Ladder of Partnership Engagement

Why Non-Collaborative Research and Conservation is Bad

Framework for Equitable Partnerships

Case Study: 40 Years of Muriqui Conservation

The Muriqui Project of Caratinga

Conservation Success

Further Study: Anthro 668

Part 2: Primate Origins

Continental Drift and Geological Context

Continental Drift Over Time

The Origin and Evolution of Mammals

Early Mammal Ancestors

First Mammals

Mammal Radiation

Reconstructing Ancient Environments

Factors in Environmental Change

Reconstructing Global Temperature

How Oxygen Isotopes Work

Fossilization and the Fossil Record

What Paleoanthropologists Study

The Fossilization Process

Fossil Record Limitations

Biases in the Fossil Record

Dating Fossils

Stratigraphy: Principle of Superposition

Carbon Dating (Radiometric Dating)

Potassium-Argon Dating

Identifying Fossil Primates

Primate Characteristics in Fossils

Plesiadapiforms: Primate Ancestors

What Plesiadapiforms Tell Us

Skull Differences

Body and Behavior

The Eocene: Origin of “True” Primates

Environmental Context

Primate Taxonomy Timeline Review

Eocene Primates: Adapids and Omomyids

Two Major Groups

Adapids

Omomyids

Detailed Comparison

Special Specimen: “Ida”

Hypotheses About Primate Origins

Why Did Primates Evolve Their Distinctive Features?

1. Angiosperm Hypothesis

2. Visual Predation Hypothesis

3. Leaping Hypothesis

4. Generalized Nocturnal Hypothesis

5. Terminal Branch Hypothesis

Connections to Course Themes

Building on Previous Lectures

Looking Forward

Key Takeaways

Primate Conservation (Part 1)

Primate Origins (Part 2)