fa25-anthro105 anthro105
Lecture 7: Evolution and Humans' Place in Nature - Phylogenies and Natural Selection Lecture 7: Evolution and Humans' Place in Nature - Phylogenies and Natural Selection
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Important Exam Reminder
Exam 1 is THIS Monday September 29
Study Resources on Canvas
Review: Huntington’s Disease
Key Facts
Repeat Expansion Mechanism
Pedigree Analysis
Phylogenies: Trees of Life
What is a Phylogeny?
Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses
How to Reconstruct Phylogenies
Molecular Approach
Online Resources for Phylogenies
Interactive Tree of Life
Mammalian Phylogeny
Major Groups and Timeline
K-Pg Impact and Mammalian Radiation
Major Placental Mammal Groups
Primate Phylogeny
Timeline of Primate Evolution
Major Primate Groups
Strepsirrhini (“wet-nosed” primates)
Haplorhini (“dry-nosed” primates)
Tarsiiformes
Simiiformes (anthropoids)
Understanding Phylogenetic Terms
Clades
Primitive vs. Derived Traits
Primitive Traits (Plesiomorphic)
Derived Traits (Apomorphic)
Evolutionary Patterns
Parallel Evolution
Convergent Evolution
Historical Perspectives on Evolution
Charles Darwin’s Tree Sketches (1830s and later)
Misconceptions About Evolution
Ernst Haeckel’s “Pedigree of Man” (1879)
“March of Progress” Imagery
Correct Understanding
Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection
Historical Context
Voyage of HMS Beagle (1831-1836)
Darwin’s Three Postulates
1. Struggle for Existence
2. Variation in Survival/Reproduction Traits
3. Heritability of Variation
Case Study: Darwin’s Finches
Research by Peter and Rosemary Grant
Natural Selection During 1977 Drought
Postulate 1: Struggle for Existence
Postulate 2: Variation
Postulate 3: Heritability
Important Finding: Selection is Not Directional
The Modern Synthesis
Integration of Inheritance and Natural Selection
Core Principle
Understanding Human Evolution in Context
Phylogenetic Position
Key Points
Connections to Course Themes
From Previous Lectures
Looking Forward
Key Takeaways