Lecture 6: Evolution and Humans' Place in Nature - Mendelian Genetics

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Lecture 6: Evolution and Humans’ Place in Nature - Mendelian Genetics

Important Exam Information

Exam 1 is One Week from Today (September 29)

Study Resources Posted on Canvas

Course Schedule Update

Week 4 (Current Week)

Week 5 (Next Week)

Mendelian Genetics

Gregor Mendel and His Experiments

Background

Pea Plant Characteristics Studied

Key Experimental Findings

Core Genetic Concepts

Inheritance Patterns

Key Terminology

Genetic Structure

Observable vs. Genetic

Human Traits and Mendelian Inheritance

Common Misconceptions

Traits Often Incorrectly Identified as Mendelian

Important Distinctions

Blood Types: A True Mendelian Trait

Discovery and Basics

ABO Blood Type System

Genotype-Phenotype Relationships

Using Punnett Squares

Blood Type Components

Antigens and Antibodies

Rh Factor

U.S. Blood Type Distribution

Geographic Distribution of Blood Types

Global Patterns

Additional Blood Group Systems

Sickle Cell Trait: Balancing Selection

Genetics of Sickle Cell

Inheritance Pattern

Geographic Distribution

Malaria Protection

Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Traits

Chromosome Types

Human Karyotype

DNA, Proteins, and Mutations

DNA to Protein Process

Central Dogma Review

Importance of Proteins

Types of Mutations

1. Point Mutation

2. Insertion Mutation

3. Repeat Expansion Mutation

Sickle Cell: A Point Mutation Example

Molecular Basis

Consequences

Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders (TRDs)

General Characteristics

Examples of TRDs

Huntington’s Disease: Case Study

Epidemiology

Genetics

Repeat Length and Age of Onset

Molecular Mechanism

Pedigree Analysis

Historical Research

Connections to Previous Lectures

Building on Course Themes

Preview of Evolution Topics

Key Takeaways